Logical Fallacy Nugget

Two more to think about :

• Fallacy of accident or sweeping generalization: a generalization that disregards exceptions.
  • Example
    

    Argument: Cutting people is a crime. Surgeons cut people, therefore, surgeons are criminals.

    Problem: Cutting people is only sometimes a crime.

     The exception does not break nor define the rule; a dicto simpliciter ad dictum secundum quid (where an accountable exception is ignored).

• Converse fallacy of accident or hasty generalization: argues from a special case to a general rule.
  • Example
    

    Argument: Every person I've met speaks English, so it must be true that all people speak English.

    Problem: Those who have been met are not a representative subset of the entire set.

  • Also called reverse accident, destroying the exception, a dicto secundum quid ad dictum simpliciter